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Crea un'applicazione a riga di comando Python che effettua richieste all'API Google Apps Script.
Le guide rapide spiegano come configurare ed eseguire un'app che chiama un'API Google Workspace. Questa guida rapida utilizza un approccio di autenticazione semplificato adatto a un ambiente di test. Per un ambiente di produzione, ti consigliamo di scoprire di più su autenticazione e autorizzazione prima di scegliere le credenziali di accesso adatte alla tua app.
Questa guida rapida utilizza le librerie client API consigliate di Google Workspace per gestire alcuni dettagli del flusso di autenticazione e autorizzazione.
Obiettivi
Configurare l'ambiente.
Installa la libreria client.
Configura il campione.
Esegui il campione.
Prerequisiti
Per eseguire questa guida rapida, devi soddisfare i seguenti prerequisiti:
Se utilizzi un nuovo progetto Google Cloud per completare questa guida rapida, configura la schermata per il consenso OAuth. Se hai già completato questo passaggio per il tuo progetto Cloud, vai alla sezione successiva.
Nella console Google Cloud, vai a Menu menu>>Branding.
Se hai già configurato , puoi configurare le seguenti impostazioni della schermata per il consenso OAuth in Branding, Pubblico e Accesso ai dati. Se viene visualizzato il messaggio non ancora configurata, fai clic su Inizia:
In Informazioni sull'app, nel campo Nome app, inserisci un nome per l'app.
In Email dell'assistenza utente, scegli un indirizzo email dell'assistenza a cui gli utenti possono contattarti in caso di domande sul loro consenso.
Fai clic su Avanti.
Nella sezione Pubblico, seleziona Interno.
Fai clic su Avanti.
In Informazioni di contatto, inserisci un indirizzo email a cui ricevere notifiche in caso di modifiche al tuo progetto.
Per ora puoi saltare l'aggiunta degli ambiti. In futuro, quando crei un'app da utilizzare al di fuori della tua organizzazione Google Workspace, devi modificare il Tipo di utente in Esterno. Poi aggiungi gli ambiti di autorizzazione richiesti dalla tua app. Per saperne di più, consulta la guida completa Configurare il consenso OAuth.
Autorizzare le credenziali per un'applicazione desktop
Per autenticare gli utenti finali e accedere ai dati utente nella tua app, devi creare uno o più ID client OAuth 2.0. L'ID client viene utilizzato per identificare una singola app nei server OAuth di Google. Se l'app viene eseguita su più piattaforme, devi creare un ID client separato per ciascuna piattaforma.
Nella console Google Cloud, vai a Menu menu>>Client.
"""Shows basic usage of the Apps Script API.Call the Apps Script API to create a new script project, upload a file to theproject, and log the script's URL to the user."""importos.pathfromgoogle.auth.transport.requestsimportRequestfromgoogle.oauth2.credentialsimportCredentialsfromgoogle_auth_oauthlib.flowimportInstalledAppFlowfromgoogleapiclientimporterrorsfromgoogleapiclient.discoveryimportbuild# If modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json.SCOPES=["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/script.projects"]SAMPLE_CODE="""function helloWorld() { console.log("Hello, world!");}""".strip()SAMPLE_MANIFEST="""{ "timeZone": "America/New_York", "exceptionLogging": "CLOUD"}""".strip()defmain():"""Calls the Apps Script API."""creds=None# The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is# created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first# time.ifos.path.exists("token.json"):creds=Credentials.from_authorized_user_file("token.json",SCOPES)# If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.ifnotcredsornotcreds.valid:ifcredsandcreds.expiredandcreds.refresh_token:creds.refresh(Request())else:flow=InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file("credentials.json",SCOPES)creds=flow.run_local_server(port=0)# Save the credentials for the next runwithopen("token.json","w")astoken:token.write(creds.to_json())try:service=build("script","v1",credentials=creds)# Call the Apps Script API# Create a new projectrequest={"title":"My Script"}response=service.projects().create(body=request).execute()# Upload two files to the projectrequest={"files":[{"name":"hello","type":"SERVER_JS","source":SAMPLE_CODE},{"name":"appsscript","type":"JSON","source":SAMPLE_MANIFEST,},]}response=(service.projects().updateContent(body=request,scriptId=response["scriptId"]).execute())print("https://script.google.com/d/"+response["scriptId"]+"/edit")excepterrors.HttpErroraserror:# The API encountered a problem.print(error.content)if__name__=="__main__":main()
Esegui il campione
Nella directory di lavoro, compila ed esegui l'esempio:
python3quickstart.py
La prima volta che esegui l'esempio, ti viene chiesto di autorizzare l'accesso:
Se non hai ancora eseguito l'accesso al tuo Account Google, fallo quando richiesto. Se hai eseguito l'accesso a più account, seleziona un account da utilizzare per l'autorizzazione.
Fai clic su Accetto.
L'applicazione Python viene eseguita e chiama l'API Google Apps Script.
Le informazioni di autorizzazione vengono archiviate nel file system, quindi la volta successiva che esegui il codice di esempio non ti viene chiesto di autorizzare.
[[["Facile da capire","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Il problema è stato risolto","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Altra","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Mancano le informazioni di cui ho bisogno","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Troppo complicato/troppi passaggi","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Obsoleti","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Problema di traduzione","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Problema relativo a esempi/codice","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Altra","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Ultimo aggiornamento 2025-08-21 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis guide demonstrates how to create a Python command-line application that interacts with the Google Apps Script API to create and manage script projects.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eBefore running the quickstart, you need to enable the Google Apps Script API in your Google Cloud project, configure the OAuth consent screen, and install the necessary Python libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe provided sample code shows how to use the API to create a new Apps Script project, upload files, and retrieve the project URL.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eTo run the quickstart, execute the \u003ccode\u003equickstart.py\u003c/code\u003e file, which will guide you through the authorization process and execute the sample code.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eAfter authorization, your application can interact with the Google Apps Script API without further prompts, allowing you to manage and execute scripts programmatically.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Create a Python command-line application that makes requests to the\nGoogle Apps Script API.\n\nQuickstarts explain how to set up and run an app that calls a\nGoogle Workspace API. This quickstart uses a\nsimplified authentication approach that is appropriate for a testing\nenvironment. For a production environment, we recommend learning about\n[authentication and authorization](/workspace/guides/auth-overview)\nbefore\n[choosing the access credentials](/workspace/guides/create-credentials#choose_the_access_credential_that_is_right_for_you)\nthat are appropriate for your app.\n\nThis quickstart uses Google Workspace's recommended API client libraries\nto handle some details of the authentication and authorization flow.\n\nObjectives\n\n- Set up your environment.\n- Install the client library.\n- Set up the sample.\n- Run the sample.\n\nPrerequisites\n\nTo run this quickstart, you need the following prerequisites:\n\n- Python 3.10.7 or greater\n- The [pip](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip) package management tool\n- [A Google Cloud project](/workspace/guides/create-project).\n\n\n- A Google account with Google Drive enabled.\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nSet up your environment\n\nTo complete this quickstart, set up your environment.\n\nEnable the API Before using Google APIs, you need to turn them on in a Google Cloud project. You can turn on one or more APIs in a single Google Cloud project.\n\n- In the Google Cloud console, enable the Google Apps Script API.\n\n [Enable the API](https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/enableflow?apiid=script.googleapis.com)\n\nConfigure the OAuth consent screen\n\nIf you're using a new Google Cloud project to complete this quickstart, configure\nthe OAuth consent screen. If you've already\ncompleted this step for your Cloud project, skip to the next section.\n\n1. In the Google Cloud console, go to Menu menu \\\u003e **Google Auth platform** \\\u003e **Branding** .\n\n [Go to Branding](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/branding)\n2. If you have already configured the Google Auth platform, you can configure the following OAuth Consent Screen settings in [Branding](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/branding), [Audience](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/audience), and [Data Access](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/scopes). If you see a message that says **Google Auth platform not configured yet** , click **Get Started**:\n 1. Under **App Information** , in **App name**, enter a name for the app.\n 2. In **User support email**, choose a support email address where users can contact you if they have questions about their consent.\n 3. Click **Next**.\n 4. Under **Audience** , select **Internal**.\n 5. Click **Next**.\n 6. Under **Contact Information** , enter an **Email address** where you can be notified about any changes to your project.\n 7. Click **Next**.\n 8. Under **Finish** , review the [Google API Services User Data Policy](https://developers.google.com/terms/api-services-user-data-policy) and if you agree, select **I agree to the Google API Services: User Data Policy**.\n 9. Click **Continue**.\n 10. Click **Create**.\n3. For now, you can skip adding scopes. In the future, when you create an app for use outside of your Google Workspace organization, you must change the **User type** to **External** . Then add the authorization scopes that your app requires. To learn more, see the full [Configure OAuth consent](/workspace/guides/configure-oauth-consent) guide.\n\nAuthorize credentials for a desktop application To authenticate end users and access user data in your app, you need to create one or more OAuth 2.0 Client IDs. A client ID is used to identify a single app to Google's OAuth servers. If your app runs on multiple platforms, you must create a separate client ID for each platform.\n\n1. In the Google Cloud console, go to Menu menu \\\u003e **Google Auth platform** \\\u003e **Clients** .\n\n [Go to Clients](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/clients)\n2. Click **Create Client**.\n3. Click **Application type** \\\u003e **Desktop app**.\n4. In the **Name** field, type a name for the credential. This name is only shown in the Google Cloud console.\n5. Click **Create** .\n\n\n The newly created credential appears under \"OAuth 2.0 Client IDs.\"\n6. Save the downloaded JSON file as `credentials.json`, and move the file to your working directory.\n\nInstall the Google client library\n\n- Install the Google client library for Python:\n\n pip install --upgrade google-api-python-client google-auth-httplib2 google-auth-oauthlib\n\nConfigure the sample\n\n1. In your working directory, create a file named `quickstart.py`.\n2. Include the following code in `quickstart.py`:\n\n\n apps_script/quickstart/quickstart.py \n [View on GitHub](https://github.com/googleworkspace/python-samples/blob/main/apps_script/quickstart/quickstart.py) \n\n ```python\n \"\"\"\n Shows basic usage of the Apps Script API.\n Call the Apps Script API to create a new script project, upload a file to the\n project, and log the script's URL to the user.\n \"\"\"\n import os.path\n\n from google.auth.transport.requests import Request\n from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials\n from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow\n from googleapiclient import errors\n from googleapiclient.discovery import build\n\n # If modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json.\n SCOPES = [\"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/script.projects\"]\n\n SAMPLE_CODE = \"\"\"\n function helloWorld() {\n console.log(\"Hello, world!\");\n }\n \"\"\".strip()\n\n SAMPLE_MANIFEST = \"\"\"\n {\n \"timeZone\": \"America/New_York\",\n \"exceptionLogging\": \"CLOUD\"\n }\n \"\"\".strip()\n\n\n def main():\n \"\"\"Calls the Apps Script API.\"\"\"\n creds = None\n # The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is\n # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first\n # time.\n if os.path.exists(\"token.json\"):\n creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file(\"token.json\", SCOPES)\n # If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.\n if not creds or not creds.valid:\n if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:\n creds.refresh(Request())\n else:\n flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(\n \"credentials.json\", SCOPES\n )\n creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)\n # Save the credentials for the next run\n with open(\"token.json\", \"w\") as token:\n token.write(creds.to_json())\n\n try:\n service = build(\"script\", \"v1\", credentials=creds)\n\n # Call the Apps Script API\n # Create a new project\n request = {\"title\": \"My Script\"}\n response = service.projects().create(body=request).execute()\n\n # Upload two files to the project\n request = {\n \"files\": [\n {\"name\": \"hello\", \"type\": \"SERVER_JS\", \"source\": SAMPLE_CODE},\n {\n \"name\": \"appsscript\",\n \"type\": \"JSON\",\n \"source\": SAMPLE_MANIFEST,\n },\n ]\n }\n response = (\n service.projects()\n .updateContent(body=request, scriptId=response[\"scriptId\"])\n .execute()\n )\n print(\"https://script.google.com/d/\" + response[\"scriptId\"] + \"/edit\")\n except errors.HttpError as error:\n # The API encountered a problem.\n print(error.content)\n\n\n if __name__ == \"__main__\":\n main()\n ```\n\n \u003cbr /\u003e\n\n \u003cbr /\u003e\n\nRun the sample\n\n1. In your working directory, build and run the sample:\n\n python3 quickstart.py\n\n\u003c!-- --\u003e\n\n2. The first time you run the sample, it prompts you to authorize access:\n 1. If you're not already signed in to your Google Account, sign in when prompted. If you're signed in to multiple accounts, select one account to use for authorization.\n 2. Click **Accept**.\n\n\n Your Python application runs and calls the Google Apps Script API.\n\n\n Authorization information is stored in the file system, so the next time you run the sample\n code, you aren't prompted for authorization.\n\nNext steps\n\n- [Apps Script API reference documentation](/apps-script/api/reference/rest)\n- [Google APIs Client for Python documentation](/api-client-library/python)\n- [Google Apps Script API PyDoc documentation](https://developers.google.com/resources/api-libraries/documentation/script/v1/python/latest/index%2Ehtml)"]]
