translate()

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since ⁨July 2015⁩.

The translate() CSS function repositions an element in the horizontal and/or vertical directions. Its result is a <transform-function> data type.

Try it

transform: translate(0);

transform: translate(42px, 18px);

transform: translate(-2.1rem, -2ex);

transform: translate(3ch, 3mm);

<section id="default-example">   <img     class="transition-all"     id="static-element"     src="/shared-assets/images/examples/firefox-logo.svg"     width="200" />   <img     class="transition-all"     id="example-element"     src="/shared-assets/images/examples/firefox-logo.svg"     width="200" /> </section>

#static-element {   opacity: 0.4;   position: absolute; }  #example-element {   position: absolute; }

This transformation is characterized by a two-dimensional vector [tx, ty]. Its coordinates define how much the element moves in each direction.

Syntax

css

/* Single <length-percentage> values */ transform: translate(200px); transform: translate(50%);  /* Double <length-percentage> values */ transform: translate(100px, 200px); transform: translate(100px, 50%); transform: translate(30%, 200px); transform: translate(30%, 50%);

Values

Single <length-percentage> values: This value is a <length> or <percentage> representing the abscissa (horizontal, x-component) of the translating vector [tx, 0]. The ordinate (vertical, y-component) of the translating vector will be set to 0. For example, translate(2px) is equivalent to translate(2px, 0). A percentage value refers to the width of the reference box defined by the transform-box property.
Double <length-percentage> values: This value describes two <length> or <percentage> values representing both the abscissa (horizontal, x-component) and the ordinate (vertical, y-component) of the translating vector [tx, ty]. A percentage as first value refers to the width, as second part to the height of the reference box defined by the transform-box property.

Cartesian coordinates on ℝ^2	Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ^2	Cartesian coordinates on ℝ^3	Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ^3
A translation is not a linear transformation in ℝ^2 and can't be represented using a Cartesian-coordinate matrix.	$\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 1 & 0 & tx \\ 0 & 1 & ty \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array} \right)$	$\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 1 & 0 & tx \\ 0 & 1 & ty \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array} \right)$	$\left( \begin{array}{cccc} 1 & 0 & 0 & tx \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & ty \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array} \right)$
	`[1 0 0 1 tx ty]`

Formal syntax

<translate()> = 
  translate( <length-percentage> , <length-percentage>? )  

<length-percentage> = 
  <length>      |
  <percentage>

Examples

Using a single-axis translation

HTML

html

<div>Static</div> <div class="moved">Moved</div> <div>Static</div>

CSS

css

div {   width: 60px;   height: 60px;   background-color: skyblue; }  .moved {   /* Equal to: translateX(10px) or translate(10px, 0) */   transform: translate(10px);   background-color: pink; }

Result

Combining y-axis and x-axis translation

HTML

html

<div>Static</div> <div class="moved">Moved</div> <div>Static</div>

CSS

css

div {   width: 60px;   height: 60px;   background-color: skyblue; }  .moved {   transform: translate(10px, 10px);   background-color: pink; }

Result

Specifications

Specification
CSS Transforms Module Level 1> # funcdef-transform-translate>

Browser compatibility

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This page was last modified on ⁨Jul 14, 2025⁩ by MDN contributors.

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